Understanding Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: Causes, Symptoms, and Diagnosis

Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is a type of arrhythmia that affects millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by an irregular heartbeat, which can lead to a range of symptoms from mild to severe. In this article, we will explore what persistent atrial fibrillation is, its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options.

What is Persistent Atrial Fibrillation?

Persistent atrial fibrillation refers to a type of AFib that lasts for more than 7 days or longer than 2 hours in duration. It is often caused by underlying heart conditions, such as heart valve problems, coronary artery disease, or high blood pressure.

Causes of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation

Persistent atrial fibrillation can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

* Heart conditions: Heart failure, mitral stenosis, and atrial septal defects

* Coronary artery disease: Blockages in the coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle

* High blood pressure: Uncontrolled hypertension can lead to changes in the heart's rhythm

* Sleep apnea: A condition characterized by pauses in breathing during sleep

* Thyroid disorders: An overactive or underactive thyroid gland can affect the heart's rhythm

* Medications: Certain medications, such as those used to treat depression or anxiety, can cause AFib

Symptoms of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation

The symptoms of persistent atrial fibrillation can vary from person to person. Some common symptoms include:

* Irregular heartbeat: The most common symptom of AFib is an irregular heartbeat that feels like it's skipping beats

* Racing or pounding heart: Some people may experience a rapid or pounding heartbeat during AFib

* Fatigue: Persistent atrial fibrillation can lead to fatigue, which can impact daily activities

* Shortness of breath: Difficulty breathing, even when resting, is common in patients with persistent AFib

* Dizziness or lightheadedness: Some people may experience dizziness or lightheadedness due to the irregular heartbeat

Diagnosis of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation

Persistent atrial fibrillation can be diagnosed using a combination of physical examination, medical history, and diagnostic tests. These tests include:

* Electrocardiogram (ECG): An ECG measures the electrical activity of the heart

* Holter monitor: A 24-hour monitor that records the heartbeat to detect AFib episodes

* Event monitor: A portable device that records the heartbeat during symptoms

Treatment Options for Persistent Atrial Fibrillation

Treatment options for persistent atrial fibrillation vary depending on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. These treatments include:

* Medications: Antiarrhythmic medications can help regulate the heart's rhythm

* Cardioversion: A procedure that uses electrical shocks to restore a normal heartbeat

* Catheter ablation: A minimally invasive procedure that destroys abnormal heart tissue

* Lifestyle changes: Making lifestyle changes, such as quitting smoking and exercising regularly, can help manage AFib symptoms

Persistent atrial fibrillation is a common condition that requires careful diagnosis and treatment. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and diagnosis of persistent AFib can help individuals better manage their condition and reduce its impact on daily life.

Persistent atrial fibrillation icd 10